Trying to Help You with Interrelated Questions – There were several questions where you were given extensive tips to try to protect you when you read and analyzed

 

If You Are Marked with Errors in the “D” and/or the “F” Criteria columns

 

1.     Do what the instructions in the rubric said. There is no substitute for comparing a side-by-side print of your essay and the pages you should have read. T
- If you are sure you are right, then let’s talk by phone. I am glad to help you. If I am wrong, I am fine with getting that straight.

2.     If you are having trouble figuring out how you could be wrong in reading the content, then use the resources below. As I looked at the student responses to their rubric, I figured out this support was going to be necessary.

Two Tips I Should Have Given

 I should have given these tips:

·         For all of the questions, the tip of reading ALL of the words for ALL of the pages

·         For all questions that have the yellow EXPLANATION BELOW, the tip of reading the pages  with the map side-by-side
I was taught to do that—and I should have said that to you. My apologies.

 

These were the questions with extensive tips and the yellow EXPLANATION BELOW indicates that I will provide audio and text (and a map) below to help you.

§  EXPLANATION BELOW: The Northwest Ordinances and what it shows about settlement of the Northwest (include slavery)
Tip: Make sure you notice where the Northwest Territories are. If you use the index to look up both Northwest Ordinances and Northwest Territory, you will understand better. Look at ALL of the pages.
Also use the map in the folder for Quiz F in Unit 2. The description of that map explains the Missouri Compromise in the context of both the Louisiana Purchase and the Northwest Territories.

 

§  EXPLANATION BELOW: The connections between the Louisiana Purchase and the Missouri Compromise
Tip: In the information on the Missouri Compromise, notice the references to Missouri being at the “same latitude of much of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.”

*       Those three states started out as part of the territory organized under the Northwest Ordinances (one of the few success of the Articles of Confederation government).

*       The Northwest Ordinances established that territories could become states equal to the first states, supported public education, and “prohibited slavery from the region forever.”

*       Also notice the instructor’s explanation of the map that shows the Missouri Compromise in the context of both the Louisiana Purchase and the Northwest Territories.

Here is a link to the pages on the Missouri Compromise with notes in the margins to help see what the textbook authors were trying to show you.

 

§  What Texas not being admitted in the 1830s shows about political parties in that decade 
Tip:  You can find what happens in the 1830s after the Alamo by going to the table of contents and finding Chapter 10 and the page number for the heading “Conflict with Mexico.” Admission of Texas to the union (annexation) does not occur during this time period, but in the next one (in Unit 3).
FYI: normally the way you would find this content is by going to the index and looking for the earliest pages on Texas, but—if you have the 4th edition—the page number in the index is off by 1 page.

§  The Cherokee Indians and how happens to them shows about the Supreme Court and the Presidency in the 1830s
Tip:  You can find what happens in the 1830s by looking up Cherokee in the index. You will find a reference to one of the two legal cases before the Supreme Court and to a section on Indian removal and to President Jackson himself.
Caution: Judicial review was established as a principle in Marbury vs. Madison, but it was still a new one when this President ignored the Supreme Court.  

 

 

Here are some are sections to help the questions related to Northwest Ordinances, Louisiana Purchase, and the Missouri Compromise

1787 – end of slavery in the new territories in the Northwest – discussed further in the audio file with map below

Click here for the audio file to try to help you with this part.

 

Congress voted to end slavery in the new territories west of the Ohio River. The first draft is written by Mr. Jefferson.

 

The tips above say the Northwest Ordinances (among other things):

·         established that territories could become states equal to the first states,

·         supported public education,

·         and “prohibited slavery from the region forever.”

1789 – Constitution and what it says about slavery

Click here for the audio file to try to help you with this part.

 

These clauses were the DEAL that the factions agreed to at the Constitutional Convention and that the stares ratified. The DEAL did not guarantee anything else:

·         Not expansion of slavery to new territory. As your book tells you in the section on the Missouri Compromise, expansion of slavery beyond its current location in the South was not expected.

·         Not always being able have these clauses protect the white Southerners owning of other humans—including 3/5ths compromise

 

This is from the file provided in your primary resources. This is the sorted part of the Constitution. You can tell what parts come from what location by looking at the 4 column headings on the right. Note that in these clauses the word Persons means slave. The clauses—in the order below--on slavery are

·         The 1st row is the 3/5ths compromise which gives white males in the south more members of the House of Representatives and more electors for the presidency than their numbers of white folk gave them according to the national census.

·         The 2nd row is protection for 20 years of the external slave trade, or importation from Africa of Africans (talked about as prisoners of war in your textbook).
Note: during Jefferson’s last term as president, Congress ended the external slave trade—the earliest date it can.

·         The 3rd row is the protection to the owner of a slave if the slave escapes to a free state. The escaped person “shall be delivered up.”

·         The 4th row is the clause forbidding amendments for 20 years for 2 things.
Note: After the 20 years, amendments were possible for anything in the Constitution—including the 3/5ths Compromise.

·         The 5th row does not apply to these questions.

“

Issue

Text of the Constitution

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Slavery

Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included within this union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons[1].

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02

03a

 

 

Section 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.

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No person held to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due.

IV

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[Amendments to the Constitution can occur] provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article;

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Amendment XIII [(1865]

 

Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

 

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

 

 

 

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1803 – Louisiana Purchase as a treaty during Jefferson’s 1st administration

Click here for the audio file to help with this section.

 

Jefferson is the same person associated with the Northwest Ordinance. In keeping with that view of the republic, he wants an “empire of liberty.” If you read the section, it talks about “middling farms” (middle size, not big plantations) as the foundation of a republic. See pages 211-212 of the 4th edition paperback.

 

1820 and the future – Bring this together with a map

Here is a link to the pages on the Missouri Compromise with notes in the margins to help see what the textbook authors were trying to show you.

 

Click here for the audio file to try to help you with the map. Start by looking at the map and then I’ll tell you where to look next.

 

The balance can’t stay:

·         Short-term, Congress can find a balance that lets Missouri be a slave state but the reality is the permanent decision is slavery cannot expand.

·         Long-term, the map and the population tell you that the South has nowhere to go to be equal in the number of Senators that the North will have.
Long-term, the South faces the economic reality that when the land wears out, a slave is an expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Copyright C. J. Bibus, Ed.D. 2003-2014

 

WCJC Department:

History – Dr. Bibus

 

Contact Information:

281.239.1577 or bibusc@wcjc.edu

 

Last Updated:

2014

 

WCJC Home:

http://www.wcjc.edu/