Unit 3: Transforming the Nation–1830s to 1877 (Lessons 1-4)

Study Guide

The Unit Exam consist primarily of multiple choice questions. The total value is 100 points. There are 25 questions each at 4 points. Note:

· 8 of the 25 questions come from these Learning Quizzes for this Unit (and those concepts in the Learning Quizzes help you understand the other content in the Unit)

· 17 of them come from below. The Instructor’s links provide visuals, frequently in tables, to help you compare facts to see similarities and differences. To be efficient in studying, use the Lesson links, not the textbook. (Ctrl-F is a wonderful way to find what you need.)

The 5 Ws rule is a guide to understanding: you should know Who, What, When, Where, and Why—and sometimes How.

Lesson 1 –Use its Learning Quiz on Essential Terms 1^st 1. North and South compared – past traits still apply 2. Development of South’s characteristics from the 1830s · “peculiar institution” · Slavery from “necessary evil” to a “positive good” · Slavery, international markets (Britain, France) in cotton, cotton gin as only technology 3. North’s characteristics from the 1830s · Varied reform movements (examples in #5.) · Against slavery: American Anti-Slavery Society, small, for immediate abolition of slavery, and: · William Lloyd Garrison - The Liberator · Frederick Douglass - The North Star (African American, former slave) · Against slavery: Underground railroad, small 4. North’s varied general reform movements · Insane asylums and prisons and Dorothea Dix · Suffrage and Susan B. Anthony · Temperance · Utopian communes (such as Shakers) ------------------------------------------------- Lesson 2 – Use its Learning Quiz Maps 1st. 5. Free Soil movement (West and North), political party 6. “manifest destiny” 7. 1844 Election, James Knox Polk, on Texas and Oregon 8. 1846 Mexican War, Texas/Mexico boundary dispute 9. 1848 Mexican War, territory gained and not gained 10. 1849 California Gold Rush; 1850 free state admission 11. Compromise of 1850 – its parts 12. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin 13. 1850s – American Party (Know Nothing) - nativism 14. 1853 Gadsden Purchase--South’s desired railroad route 15. Popular sovereignty (dangers of) and the Kansas Nebraska Act--North’s desired railroad route 16. “Bleeding Kansas” (majority of Kansans pro-free-state) 17. John Brown in Kansas 18. Preston Brooks’ attack on Senator Charles Sumner 19. Rise of Republican Party, Abraham Lincoln, a moderate 20. John Brown at Harper’s Ferry 21. Lincoln’s view on slavery in Lincoln-Douglas Debates, in 1^st Inaugural Address, and when the South 1^st seceded

22. Secession crisis: South Carolina firing on Fort Sumter before Lincoln takes office); Southern jubilation 23. Confederacy (traits of government), Jefferson Davis ------------------------------------------------- Lesson 3 – Use its Learning Quizzes on Maps 1^st 24. Initial goals of the 2 sides; Great Britain andFrance 25. Northern purposes for the blockade of the South 26. Northern and Southern strengths and weaknesses for: · War—traits from the past still apply · financing the war (collecting taxes, buying needed things, paying soldiers, paying for purchases) 27. Legal Tender Act– North’s greenback, South’s inflation 28. Draft, North and South (Wealthy pay for substitute) 29. 1862, Antietam (significance) 30. 1863, Emancipation Proclamation (where it applied) 31. Medicine and nursing (female) and the Civil War – Example: Clara Barton (Later forms the Red Cross). 32. 1863, Gettysburg (significance) 33. 1863, Vicksburg (significance) 34. 1864, Sherman’s March to the Sea (significance) 35. 1864, Election of 1864 (significance on war continuing) 36. 1865, 13^th Amendment passed 37. 1865, Appomattox (significance) 38. 1865, Lincoln assassinated; Andrew Johnson ----------------------------------------- Lesson 4 – Use its Learning Quizzes on Constitution 1^st. 39. Actions when slave freed – Seek separated family members; later form schools, churches 40. 1865, South’s action – Black codes (state codes) 41. 1865, 13^th amendment ratified by the states 42. 1866, to stop Black codes--1^st a law (Civil Rights Act), 2^nd an Amendment (2 major parts – expansion of “due process”; citizenship defined) 43. 1866, South’s race riots in Memphis, New Orleans 44. 1866, Klu Klux Klan starts 45. 1866 (a mid-term election), Northern voters’ demands 46. Military districts in South (Military Reconstruction Act) 47. 1868, 15^th Amendment proposed 48. 1868, Andrew Johnson impeached, not removed 49. 1868, US Grant elected # 50 Continues on the next page

Lesson 4 Continued 50. 1870, Attacks on African American voters (notice black males are voting), Grant’s response 51. 1870 KKK again and initially stopped by KKK Act (Not in this textbook) 52. 1872-1876 Northern interest in the South’s actions declines (scandals, corruption, Panic of 1873, rising unemployment) 53. 1876, Election · Republican Hayes, fewer popular votes · Democrat Tilden, more popular votes · Disputes over the electoral college results in 4 states 54. Compromise of 1877 · What does it do? · What does the South get for the Democrats not fighting over the electoral college results?