The Objective Exam consists primarily of
multiple choice questions drawn from the terms below.. Reminder: Unit 3 consists
of Lessons 1-3. The word Lessons refers
to Blackboard learning modules. Blackboard learning modules have a Table of
Contents on the left that let you see all of the resources available so you can
click on the one you want. All Lessons have links from your instructor and
sometimes additional resources such as maps and Learning Quizzes. Note:
·
8 of the 25
questions come from the Learning Quizzes (and those concepts help you
understand the other content in the Unit)
·
17 of them come
from below. Questions are written so you
do not have to prove that you know everything, but that you know something
(Tips on Why This Study Guide Is More
of a Prompt Sheet:
o
Because of the
challenges of understanding the United States in a useful way after World War
II, the goal of the Lessons is for you
to notice the traits in these period—whether about presidents, the economy,
foreign policy, national debt, demographics and age cohorts, the middle class,
women, blacks, Latinos, immigrants, farmers, corporations, factory workers,
service workers, and culture.
o
As usual, the
Lessons include a chronology of the major issues for the time period of the
Lesson.
With Unit 3, each chronology is also preceded
by a visual that lets you compare the same issues across each time period.}
The 5 Ws rule is a good guide to understanding the items below: you
should know Who, What, When, Where, and Why—and sometimes How. You
can look up these individual items in the textbook index at the back of the
book or find them covered next to an item listed below. The link at the top of
each Lesson provides visuals, usually in tables, that let you compare
information so you can quickly see similarities and differences.
Abbreviations used in this
Study Guide:
·
Nations: US
(United States), USSR (Soviet Union-now split), Fr (France), Br (Great Britain)
·
Regions where
US/USSR proxy wars occurred: LA (Latin America), FE (Far East), ME (Middle
East)
·
Political parties:
Dem (Democrat), Rep (Republican), Dix (Dixiecrat) and Am Ind (American
Independent)—both segregationist
1.
Post war realities: US occupation of Japan;
Germany partitioned by Fr, Br, US (later West Germany), USSR (later East
Germany) Communist: USSR, China; partition of Korea Atomic bomb: Japan bombed; US only had the technology 2.
Presidency: F.D. Roosevelt dead; Harry
S Truman (Missouri machine/boss politics, vice-president but not informed) 3.
ME: war; Israel declares itself
a nation; US recognizes Note: Six Day War (1967), Yom Kippur War (1973) 4.
Europe: Marshall Plan 5.
US Gov. changes: CIA (Central Intelligence
Agency), NSC (National Security Council), Department of Defense (no longer
called War Department) 6.
Beginning of 2nd
Red Scare:
Rise of Republicans Richard Nixon
(House UAC) and Senator Joe McCarthy.
Targets: Alger Hiss/Whittaker
Chambers, Hollywood. Techniques:
analogy of Salem Witchcraft trial (Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible) 7.
1947+ labor: Taft-Hartley Act, “right to
work” states & industries move to low-wage states 8.
1947+ race: Cold War issue by
Communists; Jackie Robinson/ Dodgers; executive order to desegregate the US
military 9.
1948 Election: Thomas E. Dewey (Rep)
vs. Harry S Truman (Dem) vs. J.
Strom Thurmond (Dix) His Program: Fair Deal 10.
Late 1940s-1950s Domestic:
consumerism
(pent-up demand), GI Bill/housing/education, draft, white suburbs, large
families, women expected to leave jobs; television–ABC, NBC, CBS (radio) 11.
1952 Election: Dwight D.
Eisenhower (Rep) vs. Adlai
Stevenson (Dem) – Eisenhower’s VP is Richard Nixon
(corruption scandals) 12.
1956 Election (a repeat): Dwight D.
Eisenhower (Rep) vs. Adlai
Stevenson (Dem) – Eisenhower’s VP is still Richard Nixon (unpolished; some foreign policy experience for Eisenhower.) 13.
1950s Domestic: spending above + on military, on
airports& on Federal Highway Act of 1956 (interstate highways-as defense issue) Note: car
culture/Holiday Inn/McDonalds. Joe
McCarthy stopped by many people standing up to stop him. 14.
1950s race: Montgomery, Alabama,
boycott (Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King), Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka;
Little Rock HS (1957) Eisenhower sends in paratroopers to stop mob 15.
1950s Cohort: Elvis Presley (and TV) 16.
1950s Foreign Policy:
Secretary of State John Foster Dulles
(brinkmanship/massive retaliation) and his brother Allen, head of the CIA). Covert (secret from whom?) operations.
|
17.
1950s Foreign Policy FE: End of the Korean War at
the same partition line. Funding of Fr war vs North Vietnam (Viet Cong) 18.
1960 Election: Richard Nixon (Rep) vs. John F. Kennedy (Dem,
Senator, wealthy family, polished) –1st televised debate. His Program: New Frontier 19.
1960s Foreign Policy in
LA: Cuban
Bay of Pigs (1961, April, p. 1011- implementing
as first actions of Kennedy.
Admits “colossal mistake.” USSR/Cuba missile
crisis, spy planes (1962, Fall, p. 1011-1012) – “quarantine.” Cuba
missiles/Turkey missiles; wheat deal; “hotline” 20.
1960s Foreign Policy in
FE: Vietnam
“advisors,” 16,000 by 1963; more discord, more troops; college as way to
avoid draft 21.
1960s+ Foreign
General: Green Berets. “flexible
response” for guerrilla war. 22.
1960s Foreign Policy in
Europe: USSR
wall around East Berlin 23. 1960s Domestic: Growing white anger (“silent majority”); Betty Friedan The Feminine Mystique; birth control
by FDA; hippies 24. 1960s race segregation by law and custom, but African Americans and whites
beginning to challenge it: nonviolent sit-ins (Greensboro, NC); Freedom
Riders on buses as interstate commerce (KKK, firebomb of bus, beatings) +
media; Martin Luther King, Birmingham Jail, “nonviolent civil disobedience”
vs. “Bull” Conner; Gov. George Wallace/ University of Alabama + media 25.
Presidency: Kennedy assassinated; Lyndon B. Johnson
(Texas politics, vice-president, experienced Senate Majority Leader, a New
Dealer, unpolished) 26.
1964 Election: Barry Goldwater (Rep,
opposed to Civil Rights Act, atomic bomb advocate), vs. L.B.
Johnson (Dem) 27.
1964 pre/post His Program:
Great
Society – a few examples: 28.
1963+ Foreign Policy in
FE: 1st
US bombing of Vietnam; 2nd Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. Tet offensive to Saigon;
then withdraws (1968) 29.
1968 Pre-election: Assassination of M.L.
King, race riots; assassination of Robert Kennedy 30.
1968 Election: Richard M. Nixon (Rep, appeals to “silent majority”) vs. Hubert Humphrey (Dem, MN) vs.
George Wallace (Am. Ind.) 31.
1968+ Domestic: Inflation - Nixon does wage and price
controls Continues on the next page |
Begins on the prior page 32.
1968+ Foreign: -Nixon announces
“Vietnamization” a way to get the US out of the Vietnam War. --Nixon upset; set up “plumbers” to find the “leak.” 33.
1972 Election: Richard M. Nixon (Rep) vs. George S. McGovern (Dem 34.
Presidency: Nixon resigns after
impeachment articles (1974), Gerald Ford (prior speaker of house, vice president
after prior vice president Agnew resigns for corruption). 35.
1974-1976 President Ford pardons
Nixon—this was perhaps the best for the country, but not for him to be
elected in 1976. During President Ford’s administration, 36.
1976 Election: Gerald R. Ford
(Rep) vs. Jimmy Carter (Dem,
Georgia governor, very religious, honorable man 37.
1976-1980 – Domestic: Inflation + slow economy
+ job losses (stagflation) 38.
1976-1980 – Foreign: 39.
1980 Election: Ronald W. Reagan (Rep, actor, California politician)) vs. Jimmy Carter (Dem) 40.
1980-1988 – Domestic: - individuals also spend more than they make
(TV as watching the rich) 41.
1980-1988 – Foreign: |
42. 1988 Election: George H. Bush (Rep, Vice President for Reagan, father of the president
in 2000-2008) vs. Michael Dukakis (Dem) 43. 1988-1992– Domestic: major challenge was the national debt from the
Reagan years and need for new taxes when Bush had promised not to. 44. 1988-1992– Foreign: 45. 1992 Election: George H. Bush (Rep) vs. William Clinton (Dem, governor of Arkansas, seems himself
as a New Democrat with some
conservative/pro-business traits) vs. Ross Perot (Independent, tech person,
rich, upset about free trade agreements which he called “a giant sucking
sound” of jobs going away). 46. 1992-2000– Domestic: - NAFTA – North American Free Trade Agreement –
Canada, US, Mexico 47.
2000 Election: George W. Bush (Rep,
governor of Texas, son of H. Bush)vs. Albert Gore (Dem, vice president
for President Clinton) vs. Ralph Nader
(Green, a consumer advocate) 48.
2000 Election dispute: popular vote to Gore,
electoral college vote to W. Bush
because of “hanging chads” in Florida. 49.
2000-2008–Foreign: 9/11/2001 World Trade
Centers (Twin Towers); war in Iraq and Afghanistan, budget deficits of the “war on terror” 50.
2000-2008– Domestic: 51.
2008 Election: John McCain (Rep, Senator from
Arizona, POW, old) vs. Barack Obama (Dem, Senator, new). Obama
inherits: 52.
2008-2016– Domestic: an attempt to prevent
another financial collapse with the Dodd-Frank bill |