Major Issues in Colonization: Comparing Spain, France, England, and the Netherlands

What’s on this webpage:

What Is This Webpage For and What Do the Colors Mean?. 1

Looking at Events Nation-by-Nation to Determine Patterns in Colonization. 1

How did the Broad Trends in Europe (and Where These Europeans Went in the Americas) Lead to Differences in How the Europeans Dealt with the Americas?. 4

 

 

If you missed any of the questions on nation states and where these European nation-states took over in the Americas, be sure to read those sections of the textbook before class. The lecture on this part of the baseline will fill in the table normally provided at the bottom after the lecture.

 

 

 

 

 

 

What Is This Webpage For and What Do the Colors Mean?

You can memorize history or you can understand it. In the long run, understanding history takes less time than memorizing and lasts for your lifetime—something that can’t be said for memorizing. This webpage can help you understand the interconnected issues.

 

You are not to memorize these dates or details about the counties: they are meant to provide background only, including background to help you with terms for the Exam. You will have:

§  No questions on the objective part of Exam 1 that are different from the objective questions in Quiz A, B, or C

§  No paragraphs to write for the Short Evidence Project part of Exam 1 than the terms listed for you.

 

Color reveals the nations in the remaining sections of this webpage. If you have trouble seeing colors, the names of the nations are provided as well. The colors are:

blue   

= England (later called Great Britain)

green

= France

red

= Spain

lavender

= The Netherlands

(Note: Holland, the area where the Separatists go for a while, is one of its provinces. The people of The Netherlands are called the Dutch.)

 

Looking at Events Nation-by-Nation to Determine Patterns in Colonization

This is color-coded to show connections to the table that follows.  

 

Look for the interconnections between nations. Notice the roles in the New World:

  • Of the church (Jesuits, Franciscans)
  • O feudalism (seigneuries, encomienda, patroonships, with equivalent activities by the English)
  • Of slavery.

 

Notice where they are and what their source of wealth is. Notice what people have a reason to risk their lives crossing the Atlantic to settle in one of these new colonies. Several areas are identified with the words They try feudalism. If you want to find the pages in our textbook that cover this, click here.

 

 

Nation

Date

Event

Spain

1519-1521

Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortés, conquers the Aztecs and takes their gold (Royal fifth goes to the king.)

Spain

1530-1533

Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizzaro, conquers the Incas and takes their gold

Spain

1560

Spanish Jesuits, missionary efforts increased in the Americas

Spain

1565

St. Augustine, colony (Spain)

Spain

1573

Spanish Franciscans, responsibility for pacification New Mexico, Florida Indians

England

1578

Elizabeth, charters to settle in the New World granted by

Dutch  and Spain

1581

Netherlands (a Protestant area)—declaration of independence with ongoing wars with Spain (a Roman Catholic area)

France

1582

Cargo of furs (France) 1,500% profit – Notice how much profit. If you could invest $1.00 and get $1500 back, what would you do?

England

1585

Roanoke, colony (England)—Sir Walter Raleigh – the first English colony in the New World

England and Spain

1588

Spanish Armada, defeat of—shift of naval power to England and making it easier for Protestant nations to trade

Spain

1598

Spanish encomienda system (translation: charge or commission) – They try feudalism.

France

1598

Edict of Nantes (France) issued giving toleration to Protestants (the Calvinist French Huguenots) so the Protestants do not have to leave France to worship safely.

Dutch

1600s

Slave sales by the Dutch, with the Dutch trading for slaves and with the New World

France

1600s

French colonial seigneuries (translation: senior lord.) – They try feudalism.

France

1600s

French Jesuit missionaries

France

1600s

French coureurs de bois (translation: runners of the woods) – They must trade to get the furs and therefore they make alliances with the Indians.

Dutch

1602

United (Dutch) East India Company, with the Dutch trading in the Far East (their major area of activity)

France

1608

Quebec, colony (France)

Spain

1609

Santa Fe, colony (Spain)

France

1609

French aid for Hurons v. Five Nations (Iroquois)

Dutch

1609

Henry Hudson (Dutch; of England), explores in New World

German areas

1618*

Thirty Years War (German areas), began partly over religion – The wars continue for 30 years.

England

1620

Plymouth, colony (English)

Dutch

1621

Dutch West India Company, with the Dutch trading in the New World

Dutch

1624+

New Netherlands, main settlement of New Amsterdam, colony (Dutch)

France

1627

Status of “natural French” when Indians were baptized

Dutch

1629

New Netherlands, patroonships offered – They try feudalism.

England

1634

Maryland – They try to try feudalism.

German areas

1638*

Thirty Years War (German areas), closed by Treaty of Westphalia which says—to simplify—that a nation-state can determine its own religion

Dutch

1648

Netherlands independence recognized and Dutch Protestants no longer have a reason to leave.

England

1660s

Carolinas– They try to try feudalism.

France

1685

Edict of Nantes (France) revoked so now French Protestants have a reason to leave France

 


 

Copyright C. J. Bibus, Ed.D. 2003-2014

 

WCJC Department:

History – Dr. Bibus

Contact Information:

281.239.1577 or bibusc@wcjc.edu

Last Updated:

2014

WCJC Home:

http://www.wcjc.edu/