How to Do the 1st Part Writing and—Later—2nd Part Writing

What Is Different about the 1st Part Writing (the Visual Paper) and the 2nd Part Writing?. 1

What Do You Read, What Do You Write About, and How Do You Do It?. 2

How Do You Cite Facts in Your Paper?. 3

Where Do You Submit the 1st Part Writing and the 2nd Part Writing?. 3

What Is Essential Background for Success with These Primaries?. 4

If You Want to Know How Grading on the Paper Works?. 4

If You Want to Know Why We Use Footnotes. 4

If You Quote (and You Do Not Have to) - Brain Trick for Quoting and Avoiding Quotation Humiliation. 4

 

Change to Instructions: No Bibliography to Be in Your Paper for This Term

Details available if needed.

What Is Different about the 1st Part Writing (the Visual Paper) and the 2nd Part Writing?

Caution: You are trying to teach history accurately to someone like yourself. You are not collecting stuff and quoting from it. You are figuring this out in a simple way, explaining it briefly, and citing so anyone can see your proof for what you say. You teach it. Link to the Visual Example for Evidence   Its Callouts and the Preformatted File  

The Requirements for the Visual Paper are pre-writing—just learning how history papers work without actually writing. Your actual writing is with 2nd Part.

Last Name: XXXXXXXXX     First Name: YYYYYYYYYY              Class Start Time:  ##:##                

Teach Essentials of Anthony Johnson (1655), 1660s slave codes, and Anthony Johnson (1670)

This begins the 1st paragraph of your paper for the 1st Part (the Visual Paper) and—later—for the 2nd Part. For the 1st Part, you only need to do the Requirements. (Tip: Use Ctrl-F to find them all.) This preformatted file does not repeat instructions in these links: How to Do Your Paper and the Visual Example for Evidence.  Requirement 1: Complete the information on the 1st line. In the 1st paragraph, use the 1st primary (the earliest primary and the 1st one in the folder of primaries and at least one textbook page appropriate for the 1st primary. Requirement 2: make a correct footnote to a page of the 1st primary after this period. Requirement 3: make a correct footnote to one textbook page appropriate for the 1st primary after this period….

 Requirement 4: make a correct footnote to a page of the 2nd primary after this period. Requirement 5: make a correct footnote to one textbook page appropriate for the 2nd primary after this period.….

Requirement 6: make a correct footnote to a page of the 3rdprimary after this period. Requirement 7: make a correct footnote to one textbook page appropriate for the 3rd primary after this period. Requirement 8: make sure the footnotes end on this page and Bibliography is at the top of the 2nd page.

Bibliography

Kennedy, David M., Lizabeth Cohen, and Mel Piehl. American Pageant: A History of the
                Republic
, 9th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2017.

Requirement 9: When done, delete these Requirements for the Bibliography:

·          Requirement 10: In your bibliographic entries, make the first line flush left with the left margin and indent the lines below the first line as shown with the bibliographic entry for the textbook.

·          Requirement 11: Make sure the 4 bibliographic entries are in alphabetical order. You may need to move the pre-written bibliographic entry for the textbook.

·          Requirement 12, 13, 14: Use the Chicago Manual of Style Cheat Sheet - Needed so you know how to do the bibliographic entries for the 3 primaries.

 

 

 

 

What are the parts of what you write?

1.       1st page: Your paper and its footnotes (Use Microsoft Word or another program that can neatly do footnotes for you. A link to Microsoft’s instructions for creating footnotes is below this webpage.)
Tip: The next heading provides the shortened citation for the primaries. You must have a correct bibliography to use the short form of citation.

2.       2nd page: Your Bibliography listing in correct format the textbook and each of the 3 primaries.
Tip: The Chicago Manual of Style Cheat Sheet shows you the format for the textbook and tells you how to do the format for each of the primaries. It is the only part of the Cheat Sheet that you must figure out.

What is the rubric used to grade each Part of the Writing?

For the 1st Part (the Visual Paper), click here for the rubric and how to use it to have better habits and how to respond to feedback.

For the 2nd Part and the 3rd Part, click here for the rubric, how to use it to have better habits, and how to respond to feedback.

 

What Do You Read, What Do You Write About, and How Do You Do It?

What do you read?

In the textbook, use these pages:

·         Page 27 Servitude in Virginia in 1st half of the 1600s. It’s hard to find: Look at the bottom for the words “In 1619…” and read that carefully. Notice there were “few” Africans there in 1st half of the 1600s.

·         Page 53 Servitude in Virginia in 1st half of the 1600s. It’s hard to find. Look at the bottom for the words “A few of the earliest…

·         Page 53 Servitude in Virginia in the 1660s. It’s hard to find. Look at the bottom for the words “Beginning in Virginia in 1662…” Also notice the text in the margin on “slave codes.”

Caution in Reading:  It is not until the 1700s that Virginia turned:

·         from relying on labor of mainly white indentured servants

·         to relying on slave labor of Africans.W

Before you decide reality from the textbook, look at Anthony Johnson in the primaries. He is in some ways a leftover of the way servitude was in the 1st half of the 1600s, and his sons will not have the same life.

In the folder below this link, read, use, and cite each of the 3 primary sources in the folder under the next heading. Each primary has search words to help you focus. Caution: Click on the document and use those search words.

Use no other pages or sources–and certainly not your memory.

What do you write about?

Your Question written formally: What does a freshman college history student need to know how law (or absence of it) and indentured servitude and slavery as revealed by these three documents?

Your Title in the preformatted file: Teach Essentials of Anthony Johnson (1655), 1660s slave codes, and Anthony Johnson (1670) Tip: What happens when law does not yet exist? Who made the laws in Virginia in the 1660s and how would they benefit?

Tip: You have to reveal that you understand this fully, including the context of the time the document was written. As a prof I admired greatly put it, “You have to understand everything. You do not have to write everything. To teach honorably, you must select carefully what you teach.”

Do you provide your own title for the paper?

No. Use the file provided as is so that your paper will not exceed 1 page. You leave the title exactly as it is. You do type your first and last name on your paper and the hour class starts.

Citation?

The footnotes you must use are provided in How Do You Cite Facts in Your Paper (below)

Length?

With the format below, the paper and the footnotes must be less than 1 page. A test using Microsoft Word shows 1 page and its endnotes as under 500 words. That is your maximum word count; less is better. Do not have your paper go over 1 printed page.
Caution: do not change the font, margins, or double spacing.

Format?

Use the preformatted file. Do not change any of settings for the paper or for the bibliography.

·         Double-spaced.

·         11 point Calibri font.

·         Margins -1” on the left and .5” on the right
Why the wider margin on the left? When you revise the Visual Paper to make the 2nd Part paper and your instructor gives feedback,
your instructor writes a brief phrase from the rubric in the left margin so you can see where in your paper are the errors that I underlined in the rubric.

The pre-formatted file is an .rtf file (Rich Text Format). You may work in that file or you may save it to another file type that Turnitin accepts. Turnitin accepts these types of files:

·         A Microsoft Word document (.doc or .docx)

·         An Adobe file (.pdf)

·         An Open Office document (.odt)

Requirements for word processing and proofing?

1.       Microsoft Word automatically does footnotes with the correct number and the correct location at the bottom of the page. It can also run spell and grammar checking.

2.       Print it and proof it.
(To proof = to compare side by side paper and source to be sure page numbers and facts and names and quotations and everything is correct.)

 

How Do You Cite Facts in Your Paper?

To use the shortened citations provided below, you must provide a Bibliography listing the textbook, the required secondary covering 1621-1670 (People & Events), and the 3 primaries.
Cautions:

·         Use Microsoft Word to do footnotes automatically.

·         If your fact is identified as a Multi-page webpage, you must click Print or Print Preview to estimate the page number of the information you are using.

What You Want to Cite

How You Would Cite Each Source in Your Shortened Citations as a Footnote

If the fact is from the textbook The Brief American Pageant

If your fact you are using is on page 53 of the textbook, use this as your footnote.

Kennedy, Cohen, and Piehl, American Pageant, 53.

If the fact is from 1621-1670 People & Events (required secondary)

Multi-page webpage. People & Events is a 2-page overview of Anthony Johnson and events in Virginia and Maryland from 1621 to 1670. This is a required secondary because your textbook does not cover Anthony Johnson. You may do it on the Bibliography using the same format you do for the 3 primaries.

If the fact you are using is on page 2 of People & Events, use this as your footnote:

People & Events, 2.

If the fact is from the 1655 Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant (the 1st primary)

Multi-page webpage. If the fact you are using is on page 2 of the 1655 Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant, use this as your footnote.

1655 Court Ruling, 2.

If the fact is from the 1660s Library of Congress collection of laws (the 2nd primary)

Multi-page webpage. If the fact you are using is on page 1, use this as your footnote.

The Library of Congress, Slavery and Indentured Servants, 1.

If the fact is from the 1670 Court document regarding Anthony Johnson (the 3rd primary)

To see this document, follow the steps listed under the link so you aren’t just reading about the document but you read the “text of this historical document.”

If the fact you are using is on page 1 of the 1670 Court document regarding Anthony Johnson, use this as your footnote.

1670 Court Ruling, 1.

Click here If You Want to Know Why We Use These Shortened Citations (This link goes to the bottom of this webpage.)

 

Where Do You Submit the 1st Part Writing and the 2nd Part Writing?

1st Part

You submit it in the Turnitin Assignment at the bottom of this folder.
To see it, you must have done the Self-Tests for Evidence Quizzes 1, 2, 3, and 4. If you have a grade for the Self-Test for Evidence Quiz 4 but do not see the Turnitin Assignment, please email me at
bibusc@wcjc.edu.

2nd Part

After its opening date, you submit it in its Turnitin Assignment at the bottom of this folder.
To see it, you must have done the 1st Part Writing and have above 1.11 in its grade. A 1.11 means I have given you feedback, but you did not yet respond to it. If you have responded, do that. If you have, please email me at
bibusc@wcjc.edu.

 

What Is Essential Background for Success with These Primaries?

Let go of your biases and assumptions. Tip: This link defines the words primary and secondary history or covers History Department’s requirements for all instructors. Save yourself from unnecessarily low grades by understanding these words and these realities.

If You Want to Know How Grading on the Paper Works?

For this assignment, you look at the graded rubric and the corresponding marks on your paper. You fill out the form at the bottom of the rubric identifying which of the 5 Good Habits for Evidence that you missed. After you do that, I enter the grade at My Grades. The point value is covered in the syllabus.

If You Want to Know Why We Use Footnotes

The reasons are:

1.       All of your written assignments are required to be brief. (Brief is harder, but generally makes better thinking.) If you used traditional MLA citation which is written inline (within your lines of text), you would use up your word count much faster.

2.       History’s standard, the Chicago Manual of Style, provides rigorous citation, but not inline. Instead, it uses endnotes or footnotes to provide citation.

In other words, citation is there but it is not in the way of communication of the history. The citation is not written within your lines of text because of how historians write about history.

·         They want people to be able to check for a source if the reader does not know it and to skip the source if they already familiar with the evidence. (Unlike the other standards for citations, readers can ignore citation or quickly find the source for a specific fact by looking for a footnote with a specific number.)

·         They are helping people understand the past, not just providing a collection of facts.

·         That is your job as well. Why? When you try to help someone understand history, you start to understand it yourself. If you want to understand something, try to teach it.

There is one other benefit: only Chicago Manual of Style and its notes about evidence (either footnotes or endnotes) let a person prepare a document with notes, copy it, and then delete all the notes. Example: a 1-page memo for a boss.

 

3.       In this class, you place your citation in footnotes and provide a bibliography so that the citation is brief, but clear. FYI: With this 1-page paper, I ask you to use footnotes instead of endnotes because it is easier to tell when you are exceeding the maximum amount of text.

If You Quote (and You Do Not Have to) - Brain Trick for Quoting and Avoiding Quotation Humiliation

Click here for additional tips.

The rules for showing what you have taken out (…) of the author’s words or put in ([ ]) are complex and for most of us they are not worth learning.

 

This brain trick lets you be accurate but avoid learning those rules:

  1. Choose 3 to 6 words to quote and change nothing (not an ing or an ed, not a comma, nothing) between the first and the last word.

  2. Put abefore the first word and a after the last word.

  3. Place those words with the “ ”within your sentence.

 

  1. If something sounds awkward about your sentences, then change your own words—the only words you have a right to change.

 

  1. Look at all of the words in the source. Be sure the meaning of the source remains in your quotation.

 

 

 

 

Copyright C. J. Bibus, Ed.D. 2003-2018

 

WCJC Department:

History – Dr. Bibus

Contact Information:

281.239.1577 or bibusc@wcjc.edu

Last Updated:

2018

WCJC Home:

http://www.wcjc.edu/